Which civilization was located in the Andes Mountains of South America?

The Inca civilization is recognized for its impressive development in the Andes Mountains of South America, particularly from the early 15th century until the Spanish conquest in the 16th century. The Incas established a vast empire that stretched along the western coast of South America, spanning present-day countries such as Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and parts of Chile and Argentina.

Their architectural achievements, such as Machu Picchu and the extensive road systems, demonstrate their advanced engineering and organizational skills. The Incas are also noted for their agricultural innovations, which were necessary for farming in the challenging mountainous terrain, leading to the cultivation of crops like potatoes and quinoa.

Other civilizations mentioned in the options, such as the Aztecs and Maya, were primarily located in different geographical areas of Mesoamerica, while the Olmecs are recognized as one of the earliest civilizations in Mexico. Each of these has its unique contributions and cultural significance, but only the Incas are specifically associated with the Andean region.