What agricultural innovation did the ancient Mesoamericans develop?

Ancient Mesoamericans made significant advancements in agriculture, and the development of complex irrigation systems stands out as a pivotal innovation. These systems allowed them to effectively manage water resources for farming, particularly in regions where rainfall was inconsistent. With the use of canals, terraces, and raised fields, Mesoamerican cultures like the Maya and the Aztecs were able to cultivate a variety of crops, including maize, beans, and squash, which became staple foods in their diet.

The ability to manipulate water effectively helped to increase crop yields and sustain agriculture through varying climatic conditions, showcasing their understanding of environmental management. The success of these agricultural practices laid the groundwork for the growth of large urban centers and complex societies in Mesoamerica, emphasizing the importance of this innovation.