What agricultural crop was crucial to the diet of the Aztecs and Incas?

Maize, also known as corn, was a fundamental part of the diet for both the Aztecs and Incas. It served not only as a staple food source but also held a significant cultural and economic role within their societies. For the Aztecs, maize was often ground into masa, which could be used to make tortillas, tamales, and other essential food items. The crop was cultivated extensively in their agricultural systems, which allowed for the support of their large population.

In the Inca Empire, maize was also a vital crop that complemented other staples like potatoes. It was grown in a variety of forms and was integral to religious rituals, reflecting its importance beyond mere sustenance. The adaptability of maize in different climates across Mesoamerica made it an ideal crop for diverse agricultural practices.

Rice, while a staple in other cultures, was not a significant crop in the Mesoamerican region. Potatoes, although crucial to the Inca diet, did not play a similar role in Aztec culture. Barley was primarily grown in other parts of the world, particularly in Europe and Asia, and was not a major agricultural product of Mesoamerica. Thus, maize was the central agricultural crop that sustained both the Aztecs and Inc