During what time period did the Inca civilization flourish?

The Inca civilization flourished during the period from 1438 AD to 1532 AD, which marks its rise to power and subsequent expansion across a vast territory in South America. This time frame includes key events such as the reign of the first significant Inca ruler, Pachacuti, who began a series of military campaigns that significantly expanded the Inca Empire. The period also covers the construction of major architectural works, including Machu Picchu, and the establishment of sophisticated agricultural and administrative systems.

The Inca civilization is known for its advanced agricultural practices, monumental stone architecture, and a well-organized society that included a complex road network. By 1532 AD, the Inca Empire faced Spanish conquest, leading to the collapse of their civilization. The significance of this time period in terms of cultural, political, and technological advancements highlights it as the zenith of Inca history.